Gum Disease
Your gums are more than just the frame for your teeth. They are the foundation of your smile. Gum disease, also called periodontal disease, is one of the most common dental problems adults face, yet many people do not realise how serious it can become if left untreated. At Healthy Smiles, we are here to help you understand the signs, causes, stages and treatment options, and how to prevent gum disease before it begins to affect your confidence and overall health.
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease begins with the accumulation of plaque, a biofilm of bacteria that forms naturally on the teeth and along the gumline. When plaque is not removed effectively through daily brushing and flossing, it can harden and contribute to inflammation of the gum tissues. Over time, this inflammatory process allows bacteria to spread below the gumline, potentially damaging the supporting tissues and bone that hold the teeth in place.
Common Signs of Gum Disease
- Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Persistent bad breath
- Gums pulling away from your teeth (receding)
- Loose teeth or changes in bite
- Pus around the gumline
What Causes Gum Disease?
- Inadequate oral hygiene (missed brushings, skipped flossing)
- Smoking or tobacco use
- Genetics and family history
- Hormonal changes (e.g., pregnancy, menopause)
- Conditions like diabetes or a weakened immune system
- Some medications that reduce saliva flow
- Poor-fitting dental work that traps food and bacteria
Stages of Gum Disease
Stages of Gum Disease
Understanding the progression can help you catch problems early:
Gingivitis: Early-Stage Gum Inflammation
Gingivitis is the initial phase of gum disease and is marked by inflammation limited to the gum tissues. Patients may notice redness, tenderness, or bleeding during brushing or flossing. At this stage, the underlying bone and connective tissues are not affected, which means the condition can usually be reversed with early intervention.
Periodontitis: Progressive Gum Disease
When gingivitis is not treated, the infection can spread below the gumline and progress into periodontitis. At this stage, bacteria start to damage the tissues and bone that support the teeth. This may cause the gums to pull away from the teeth, create deeper pockets where bacteria collect, and make teeth feel loose. In severe cases, it can lead to tooth loss.
How Gum Disease Is Diagnosed at Healthy Smiles
We’ll measure gum pockets around your teeth
Examine your gums for inflammation or recession
Take X-rays if needed to check bone support
Review your health history and risk factors
Only after a thorough assessment, our dentists will recommend a personalised treatment plan.
Treatment Options at Healthy Smiles
Treatment depends on how far the disease has progressed, but may include:
Professional Cleaning (Scaling & Root Planing)
Deep cleaning removes plaque and tartar from above and below the gumline—the foundation of effective treatment.
Antibacterial Therapies
In some cases, medicated rinses or antibiotics help control infection.
Improved Daily Oral Care
We’ll coach you on techniques and tools for brushing and interdental cleaning that truly fight bacteria.
Advanced Procedures
For moderate to severe gum disease, we may recommend:
- Flap surgery
- Bone grafts
- Soft tissue grafts
- Guided tissue regeneration
These aim to restore lost support and make future care easier.
Keep Gum Disease at Bay
Prevention is always worth it. Here’s what you absolutely need to do:
Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
Floss or use interdental brushes daily
Visit Healthy Smiles for dental check-ups & cleanings regularly
Avoid tobacco products
Maintain a balanced diet and manage chronic conditions like diabetes
Ready to Protect Your Gum Health?
If you’re noticing symptoms or just want peace of mind, our team at Healthy Smiles is here to help. Book an appointment today for a thorough gum assessment and personalised care plan that keeps your smile healthy for years to come.